Tinjauan Pustaka Mengenai Edukasi Pasien Oleh Apoteker Dalam Penggunaan Obat Rasional

Esti Ambar Widyaningrum; Erni Anikasari; Fentyana Dwi Rilawati

doi:10.47134/scpr.v2i4.5073

Authors

Esti Ambar Widyaningrum Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata
Erni Anikasari Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata
Fentyana Dwi Rilawati Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47134/scpr.v2i4.5073

Keywords:

Edukasi Pasien, Apoteker, Penggunaan Obat Rasional, Pharmaceutical Care, Kepatuhan Pengobatan

Abstract

Kajian ini bertujuan menelaah secara komprehensif peran edukasi pasien oleh apoteker dalam mendukung praktik penggunaan obat rasional. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi pustaka terhadap sepuluh artikel ilmiah yang relevan dan terbit antara tahun 2010 hingga 2025. Proses penelusuran literatur mengikuti pedoman Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Pencarian dilakukan melalui basis data internasional, termasuk PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan SpringerLink. Dari total 139 artikel yang teridentifikasi, 25 artikel dihapus karena duplikasi dan 5 dinilai tidak layak secara otomatis, sehingga tersisa 109 artikel untuk proses penyaringan lebih lanjut. Setelah seleksi mendalam berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, hanya 10 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria dan dijadikan dasar analisis. Data dianalisis secara tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola kontribusi edukasi apoteker terhadap perilaku penggunaan obat rasional. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa edukasi yang diberikan apoteker berperan signifikan dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan terapi, mengurangi kesalahan penggunaan obat, serta meningkatkan efisiensi biaya kesehatan. Pendekatan edukasi kolaboratif yang berpusat pada pasien terbukti lebih efektif dibandingkan penyampaian informasi satu arah. Temuan ini menguatkan konsep dalam Pharmaceutical Care dan Health Belief Model, terutama mengenai pentingnya komunikasi terapeutik dalam memfasilitasi pengambilan keputusan pasien yang aman, efektif, dan berkelanjutan terkait penggunaan obat.

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