Vila Ilegal: Bom Waktu dalam Pembangunan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Kota Batu

Didik Wahyono; Budi Setiawan

doi:10.47134/pjpp.v2i4.4863

Authors

Didik Rocki Wahyono Politeknik Sahid Jakarta
Budi Setiawan Politeknik Sahid Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47134/pjpp.v2i4.4863

Keywords:

Vila Ilegal, Pariwisata Berkelanjutan, Kebocoran Pajak, Kota Batu, Kebijakan Pariwisata

Abstract

Pertumbuhan pesat vila ilegal di berbagai destinasi wisata Indonesia, termasuk Kota Batu, menimbulkan ancaman serius bagi pembangunan pariwisata berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor pendorong maraknya vila ilegal, dampaknya terhadap dimensi lingkungan, sosial, dan ekonomi, serta merumuskan rekomendasi kebijakan yang realistis. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan scoping review atas 25 publikasi ilmiah periode 2020–2025, dipadukan dengan analisis kebijakan dan dokumentasi data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), Badan Pendapatan Daerah (Bapenda), dan Dinas Pariwisata Kota Batu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan vila ilegal didorong oleh tingginya permintaan akomodasi murah, lemahnya pengawasan perizinan, dan celah regulasi tata ruang. Dampak negatif yang muncul meliputi kebocoran Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) yang di Kota Batu diperkirakan mencapai miliaran rupiah per tahun, degradasi lingkungan akibat konversi lahan, hingga meningkatnya potensi aktivitas ilegal di kawasan wisata. Rekomendasi penelitian meliputi penerapan registrasi digital terintegrasi, smart taxation, penguatan peran komunitas lokal, dan moratorium pembangunan akomodasi di zona jenuh. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa penanganan vila ilegal bukan hanya persoalan penegakan hukum, tetapi bagian dari tata kelola pariwisata berkelanjutan yang melibatkan seluruh pemangku kepentingan.

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