Juridical Construction of Causality in Cyber-Threatening Crimes Resulting in Victim Death: A Critical Study of Fintech Peer-to-Peer Lending Debt Collection

Adrianus Henok

doi:10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5559

Authors

Adrianus Herman Henok Universitas Kristen Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5559

Keywords:

Causality, Cyber-Threatening, Fintech, P2P Lending, Criminal Liability

Abstract

This research examines the complexity of proving the causal link in cyber-threatening crimes resulting in victim death, with a specific focus on debt collection practices by Fintech Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending providers. The central issue in this discourse is the difficulty of legally linking psychological pressure exerted through digital media to physical outcomes such as death (often in the form of suicide). The research method employed is normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results indicate that the construction of causality in conventional criminal law needs to be reassessed through the theory of adequacy to address the realities of cybercrime. Aggressive collection practices that violate legal norms often serve as a conditio sine qua non for the loss of the victim's life. This article concludes that there is an urgent need for policymakers to clarify the criteria for corporate and personal criminal liability within the fintech ecosystem to counter the fatal impacts of cyber-harassment.

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